Potato has long been the second bread for residents of different parts of the world, including the CIS countries. However, harsh climatic conditions are not always suitable for growing even such an unpretentious vegetable. Potato Veneta (also called Vineta) ripens well in scarce soils, and during dry periods. But even with such a "patient" variety you need to be able to handle.
Grade history
Veneta is a potato variety bred selectively in Morocco by German agronomists in the middle of the 20th century. The goal of breeders is to obtain a vegetable that is resistant to drought and disease and that produces crops early. For the most part, the idea was a success. The originator of this potato variety is EUROPLANT PFLANZENZUCHT GMBH.
The Veneta variety is easy to process, and get a high root crop yield. In the CIS countries, it began to be grown only in the 2000s. But the demand for it immediately became great.
Description of potato varieties Veneta
Veneta is a unique super early table potato. It tolerates transportation well, survives even drought and temperatures to zero degrees Celsius. Therefore, it is advised to land in regions with difficult climatic conditions.
The variety has undergone laboratory studies, confirming its suitability for food, energy value and high taste characteristics.
Shoots
The Venetian bushes are large. Their height is 50-70 cm. The leaves are wide, bright, light green in color, grow densely along the entire stem, the leaf edge has a weakly expressed wavy line. Flowering is represented by 3-7 large white flowers with a yellow core.
Roots
Potatoes themselves are relatively small, oval and oval-round in shape. The color of the peel of a mature tuber varies from dirty yellow to light brown, with a slight “reticulation”. The pulp is light, yellow, the weight of the tuber varies from 60 to 100 grams.
Such defects as cracks, dark gray and green spots are not characteristic of him. The eyes are small, almost invisible, do not sprout deep into the tuber, which helps the potato to remain fit for eating longer. Starch index: 13-15%.
Grade characteristics
Veneta variety has a number of properties that made it one of the most popular, especially in the northern districts of Russia and the arid regions of Central Asia. These include:
- Fast ripening. A vegetative period lasts about 70 days, and after 40-45 you can dig up young tubers.
- Drought tolerance. Veneta can do without watering for a long period.
- Keeping. It is determined by the indicator of 87%, the potato is calmly going through a long storage.
- Appearance. Neat tubers, without physical defects and eyes, are well bought by the consumer.
- Transportability. Tubers perfectly carry long-distance transportation. They are hard and elastic enough so that they are not afraid of mechanical shocks and falls.
But the most important indicator of the quality of the Veneta variety is its disease resistance. Having planted potatoes, you can not worry about:
- leaf twisting virus;
- mosaics and spotting;
- scab;
- black leg;
- potato cancer;
- potato nematode;
- rotting tubers;
- viruses A and Y.
Despite resistance to most diseases, the Veneta variety is subject to late blight.
Productivity and taste
Potatoes are characterized by high productivity. From one bush you can collect up to 3 kg (12-17 tubers). On average, 160-230 centners of vegetables are harvested from 1 ha.
A high level of tuber survival and a rich harvest are combined in this variety with good taste. When cooking, potatoes do not boil, and do not acquire a gray-white color. Quickly covered with a delicious golden crust when frying in deep fat or in a pan. Any cooking experiments are available with Veneta. From it, mashed potatoes and chips are equally good. Potato varieties Veneta after heat treatment retains a pleasant yellow color.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Veneta has the following strengths:
- high level of immunity;
- unpretentiousness to climatic conditions and soil nutrition;
- large volumes of the crop;
- short ripening period;
- neat appearance of tubers;
- simplicity of storage and transportation;
- good taste;
- preservation of shape and color when cooking.
The disadvantages of experienced gardeners include the fact that the Veneta variety slowly grows on soil that had previously been treated with nitrogen fertilizers, it should also be protected from late blight of tops and tubers, insect pests, potatoes can deteriorate if the weather was rainy and the land became swampy.
Features of planting and growing
Even with an unpretentious variety like Veneta, you should consider the features of the vegetable so that the yield is as large as possible, and the efforts are not wasted.
Landing preparation
Sprouted tubers should be planted in late April - early May. Before this, in the fall it is advisable to fertilize the soil with humus and dig.
This variety should not be planted where solanaceous crops grew. The soil after them will become suitable for Veneta after 3 years. But the soil will be favorable after legumes, cereals, herbs.
It is better not to use alumina for the landing of Veneta, because it retains water for a long time. Variety Veneta does not like wet soil. For the same reason, lowlands will not work. But he well forms tubers and grows in:
- alumina;
- sandstone;
- sandy loam soil;
- loamy soil;
- mineral soil;
- cultivated peatlands.
Ideal is a flat, unshaded area on a hill.
Tuber preparation
It is necessary to select material 3-4 weeks before planting. Tubers should be approximately the same size, but not less than 40 grams and not more than 85 grams. Potatoes that already have sprouted eyes 1-2 centimeters tall will best germinate. It is important that there is no mold or rot on the root crops.
Too large a tuber will become suitable for germination if you cut it in half and dry it with wood ash.
You can strengthen the Veneta potatoes selected for planting by treating the tubers with solutions:
- boric acid;
- vitriol;
- wood ash;
- Manganese
After laying the potatoes in a bright, dry place, so that the alkaloid solanine is formed. It is a natural immunomodulator of a vegetable.
If there is a need to accelerate the growth of already ripening potatoes, then it is permissible to use Poteytin, Epin and Planriz. Apply the preparations to the tubers one day before planting in the soil.
Landing, landing scheme
Planting potatoes is recommended in dry and clear weather, it is important that there are no more night frosts. The plot prepared for planting Veneta potatoes should be divided into rows. The distance between them should be 50-70 cm, and between planting tubers - 25-35 centimeters.
The required depth of the pits is 7-10 centimeters. Inside, the sprouted tuber must be placed carefully, sprouts up. Falling asleep, try not to damage them. Shoots will appear in 10-14 days.
Fertilizer application
Mineral fertilizers are applied twice during irrigation for the entire period of tuber formation. The first time before the flowering of potatoes, the second - after it.
Before buds are formed, potash is fertilized to improve potato quality. After flowering, superphosphate is added to the soil (30 g is diluted in 10 l of water). The dosage per potato bush is indicated. This top dressing contributes to better tuber formation.
Between these two procedures you need to have time to make a solution of bird droppings and cow manure. Such organic fertilizer will increase the yield of the vegetable and its resistance to pests.
Care
Watering potatoes Veneta is carried out three times:
- immediately after disembarkation;
- during the appearance of buds;
- after flowering.
It should be plentiful, about 50 liters per square meter. Watering time is important. It should be either early morning or late evening. You need to pour water under the root, since drops falling on the leaves can cause sunburn (the lens effect occurs). If the weather was rainy, then one of the irrigation should be abandoned. To determine the need for moisture, you need to look at the condition of the soil, the main thing is not to swamp.
In the arid southern regions, on the contrary, the number of irrigations can be increased.
Potatoes need water if the soil has dried out deeper than 8 cm.
From weeds, it is necessary to weed the Veneta variety regularly, start already from the first week after planting.
Tubers are especially in need of oxygen, so loosening is carried out at least once every 2 weeks. The first should be done before emergence.
Hilling should be done at least twice. The first time after germination, the second, when the sprouts will be about 15 centimeters in height.
Protection against diseases and pests
For protection from insects, onion husks or wood ash can be put on the bottom of a hole dug during planting. In order not to overpower the Colorado potato beetle at the edges of the potato plot, it is worth planting:
- legumes;
- geranium;
- marigold;
- garlic;
- peppermint;
- parsley.
Chemical protectors against beetle pests include insecticides. But a mechanical struggle with the Colorado garden occupier is safer for the crop. It is allowed to use folk remedies. For example, spray bushes with infusion of wormwood and wood ash.
To protect against fungus, Veneta potatoes should be treated with fungicides. They are effective in the fight against late blight.
Harvesting and storage
The first young potatoes can be harvested 45 days after emergence. The peel will become coarser on the 75th day. A clear sign of readiness for harvesting the Veneta variety will be the yellowing of the tops.
After digging, the potatoes must be sorted. To defer mechanically damaged tubers, they will go to food immediately. Dry the rest of the potatoes, rid of clods of earth and put them in bags, boxes or nets. A dry, dark, cool room is suitable for storing potatoes, but the temperature in it should not fall below +15 degrees, it is desirable that it is at least occasionally ventilated.
The Veneta potato variety has all the necessary characteristics for large-scale cultivation, as well as for planting in a small garden. It has high immunity, gives rich harvests, tubers are unpretentious to storage conditions. The variety is appreciated for its taste and is suitable for any method of heat treatment.
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Russia. City: Syktyvkar
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