Every year, agronomists develop new varieties of strawberries. More than 2,000 species are known that differ in taste, maturity, transportability, form, and resistance to disease. In the article we describe only the best varieties of this berry.
Early strawberry varieties
The advantage of early varieties is rapid ripening. The first crop is harvested in mid-May - early June (depending on the region).
Asia
Strawberry variety Asia was developed in 2005 by breeders from Italy. "Asia" ripens in early June, and in the southern regions - in mid-May.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are large (30-40 g), bright red.
- The shape is slightly flattened, conical.
- The scent of strawberries. The fruit tastes sweet, juicy.
- Productivity is good. From one bush collect up to 1.2 kg of berries.
- Fruits appear a year after planting.
Chlorosis, powdery mildew, anthracnose are the enemies of Asia. Spotting and fungal diseases of strawberries are not terrible.
Subtleties of care:
- The plant loves abundant watering, but an excess of moisture can provoke infection with powdery mildew.
- For a rich harvest in March, pour strawberries with a solution of urea (1 tbsp. Per 10 liters of water). Feed with ash, superphosphate or complex mineral fertilizers.
- Use cover material to protect against weeds and excessive evaporation of moisture.
During flowering and fruit formation, strawberries are not fertilized!
Thanks to the strong root system, the variety can be cultivated in the steppe zone, as well as withstand severe Russian winters (subject to snow cover or shelter, for example, with spruce branches, straw).
Marshmallows
Marshmallows are an early variety from Denmark. The first fragrant and juicy berries are harvested in late May or mid-June.
Varietal characteristics:
- Fruits are brilliant, bright red, with a strong peduncle.
- Berries appear in the first year of planting.
- One bush gives up to 1 kg of berries.
The plant is resistant to temperature changes. With a sufficient layer of snow withstands frosts up to 30-35 degrees.
Subtleties of care:
- For cultivation use soil with neutral acidity.
- The best time to land is August. The bushes will grow stronger until spring and give a good harvest.
- Marshmallow is a drought tolerant variety. But to increase the size and number of berries, abundant watering is required once every 3-5 days.
- Before the formation of the first outlet, cut the antennae so as not to thicken the landing.
“Zephyr” bears fruit well in one place up to 4 years. Then the bushes are transplanted to another place.
Kimberly
In the state registry, the mid-early variety from Holland is listed as wild strawberry, zoned for the Central and Central Black Earth regions. Kimberly is a hybrid of two over-pollinated varieties (Chandler and Gorella).
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are red-orange, glossy.
- The shape is conical, resembles a heart.
- The taste is sweet, caramel.
The plant is not affected by powdery mildew and gray rot, but it is sensitive to chlorosis and spotting.
It is desirable to grow a variety in zoned regions. Despite good frost resistance, in cold areas the berries do not ripen to the end, which affects the yield and taste. In too hot regions, seedlings take root poorly, and the berries become soft from high temperatures.
Subtleties of care:
- Landing is sparse. The optimal distance between the bushes is 40-50 cm. For farm plots - 30-40 cm.
- At the beginning of the growing season, feed with nitrogen fertilizers. During flowering and ovary, fertilize with potassium and phosphorus compounds.
- The plant is hygrophilous. Use drip irrigation.
The variety is whimsical to care for. For a good harvest, Kimberly needs to be fertilized and moistened regularly.
Honey
In 1979, American breeders developed a high-yielding early strawberry variety, Honey.
The State Register of Russia recommends growing this variety in the Caucasus and Central Russia.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are large and medium (from 15 to 40 g), shiny. The color is saturated, scarlet.
- The shape of the berries is flat, conical. The pulp is dense, without voids.
- The taste is sweet, with a slight acidity.
- Fruiting from mid-May to early June.
Despite its powerful roots, Honey is vulnerable to diseases of the root system.
Subtleties of care:
- Moderate watering is recommended. The variety does not tolerate both lack and excess moisture.
- Plant seedlings in late August or early September in cloudy weather at a distance of at least 50 cm.
- During the appearance of leaves and the formation of buds, feed with a solution of urea (1 tbsp. In a bucket of water) and complex fertilizers.
In the market, this variety is popular for excellent commodity characteristics: uniform smooth berries and a long shelf life (3-5 days).
Mid-season varieties
Mid-season strawberry varieties are valued for their resistance to temperature fluctuations. Fruiting in the middle of summer favorably affects the taste of berries, since solar activity at this period is at an altitude.
Chamora Turisi
Gardeners believe that the variety was imported from Japan, but whether this really remains unknown.
The first berries ripen in the second half of June in warm regions, in the middle and central regions of Russia - in mid-July.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are fleshy, heterogeneous, bright red.
- The shape is conical, semicircular, comb.
- The pulp with a white core, juicy. The taste is sweet, strawberry.
- The average weight of the fruit is from 30 to 70 g.
- The fruiting period is from a month to two months.
With intensive care “Chamorora Turisi” is able to produce a rich harvest for 12 years. In the second or third year after planting, up to 2 kg of berries can be collected from one bush.
Subtleties of care:
- The distance between the bushes during planting should be 40-50 cm.
- Plant a variety at the end of August, and in areas where winters are cold and with little snow - in May.
- Watering should be moderate. Excessive watering will cause the fruits to become watery. Lack of moisture will affect the quality: the berries will become small.
- If the summer is not arid, it is enough to water the beds once a week.
- Strawberries are prone to overgrowing. After fruiting, remove the mustache and old leaves.
The variety is susceptible to infection with fungal diseases. In the spring, treat the bushes with fungicides.
Wima Zanta
Young variety from Holland. Hybrid Elsanty and Crown - reference Dutch varieties. The ripening period is the end of May-mid-June (depending on the region).
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are smooth, burgundy, even in shape. The yellowish seeds are pressed into the pulp.
- The average weight of the fruit is 20-30 g.
- The fruiting period is up to 3 weeks.
"Vima Zant" is not stored for long. Berries crumple and darken during transportation. But in terms of taste, the variety has high indicators: 4.5-5 points out of 5.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant bushes in early spring or autumn at a distance of 40-45 cm. The variety likes sunny areas.
- "Vima Zanta" does not tolerate drought, so it needs regular watering.
- The alternation of mineral and organic fertilizers has a positive effect on productivity. The plant responds well to dressing. Read about spring dressing here.
The culture is resistant to Fusarium, gray rot, pests and powdery mildew.
In good conditions, one bush gives up to 2 kg of berries.
Marshal
Strawberry Marshall was bred in America at the end of the 19th century. The first berries are picked in the early to mid-June.
Varietal characteristics:
- Berries are scarlet, large, shiny.
- The shape of the fruits is wedge-shaped.
- The pulp is red, without empty cavities.
- The taste is sweet, strawberry, with a pleasant acidity.
The plant adapts well to weather conditions: it withstands cold winters (up to 30 degrees) and dry summers.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant seedlings in loose light soil, well permeable to moisture.
- Water the strawberries regularly during the growing season. Spray irrigation under the root, early in the morning or in the evening.
- Loosen the earth around the bushes to provide air and moisture access to the roots.
In regions with a warm climate, you can harvest several times in one season. Fruiting is reduced in the second year, so the beds are broken again.
Lord
The homeland of the Lord is not known, but some sources point to the UK. Berries ripen in early June in the south, in mid-June in central and central Russia, at the end of the month in the north. Fruiting lasts about a month.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are saturated red.
- The shape is conical. The fruit mass reaches 100 g.
- The taste is sweet and sour, pronounced.
The Lord is not a whimsical variety, adapts to temperature fluctuations. With good care, it does not require a transplant for 10 years.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant the plant at a distance of 60-65 cm in a checkerboard pattern in illuminated areas.
- Strawberries are sensitive to moisture. With drought, yield decreases, with an excess of moisture, the fruits do not ripen enough and rot.
- Bushes reproduce by affiliated sockets. At annual bushes, leave 2 powerful whiskers, take first and second order sockets from them.
Strawberries are resistant to spotting, gray fruit rot, powdery mildew. The introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers has a positive effect on the yield of the variety.
Crown
Another sort of Dutch breeders. It is characterized by excellent taste. Ripening dates beginning to mid-June (depending on climate).
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are dark red, glossy.
- Fruits of elongated shape, average weight 20-30 g.
- The taste is pronounced, strawberry, sweet. Score on a 5-point scale of 5 points.
The crown tolerates frosts well. In winter, the bushes do not shelter.
Subtleties of care:
- The best time for planting is the beginning of May and the period from August to September. The distance between the bushes is 40-50 cm.
- Korona loves organic fertilizing (ash, humus, urea) and mineral fertilizers (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus). Fertilizers apply before flowering and after vegetation.
- Due to the excessive formation of mustaches in the fall, trim.
- The variety is demanding on moisture. Irrigate the beds with a drop.
Strawberries are not resistant to gray rot and spotting. For prevention, treat bushes with special compounds.
Black Prince
The variety was bred in Italy, today it is successfully grown not only in garden plots, but also on large farmlands. The fruiting is long - from mid-June to August-September.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are maroon, large (30-50 g).
- On the surface of the berries there are many seeds. The shape is conical.
- The taste of fruits is sweet, strawberry, with a slight acidity.
High-yielding variety - one bush gives up to 1.5 kg of berries.
Subtleties of care:
- The Black Prince grows well in light, breathable soils. The distance between the bushes is 50 cm.
- Water strawberries regularly. During flowering, irrigate only under the root. After watering, loosen the soil.
- In spring, feed with phosphorus fertilizers. During ripening, fertilize with complex mineral additives.
The Black Prince is in demand in the market, as the berries are beautiful and tasty, they retain their presentation for a long time.
Holiday
Strawberry breeders from the USA. Mid-late variety, ripens at the end of June.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are light red in color.
- The shape is round, regular.
- The taste is dessert, sweet and sour.
- Berries are sung almost simultaneously. The average weight is 30-35 g.
Subtleties of care:
- Grow strawberries in sunny areas in a light, breathable soil. The width between the rows is 40 cm.
- Watering drip. To make the berries sweet and less watery, do not water the plant abundantly before harvesting.
- In spring, apply mineral fertilizers containing potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
- Before wintering the beds with strawberries, cover with hay (straw) or spruce branches.
Productivity is high (1-1.5 kg per bush). Each year, the berries are smaller, but retain their marketable appearance.
Late Strawberry Varieties
Late cultivars have good winter-hardiness and resistance to certain types of diseases and pests. July berries contain many vitamins.
Vikoda
Vicoda or a noble strawberry, as it is popularly called, appeared in Holland. Ripening period beginning-mid-July.
Varietal characteristics:
- The fruits are burgundy. Weight from 50 to 120 g.
- The form is wide, flattened.
- The taste is sour, cherry.
Vicoda is suitable for freezing. After defrosting, the berries become more aromatic and tastier.
Subtleties of care:
- Grown in soil of medium acidity. For a rich harvest and root growth, plant two seedlings in one hole.
- Feed with mineral and organic fertilizers, but carry out nitrogenous feeding with care. An excess of nitrogen is harmful to Vicoda.
- Water sparingly, dropwise.
Berries are well stored. The plant is sensitive to powdery mildew and diseases of the root system, but is not affected by spotting, fungi.
Florence
Variety of breeders of Great Britain. Fruiting from late June to July.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are saturated, red. The pulp is juicy.
- The form is regular, conical.
- The taste is strawberry, sweet-sour.
Berries can be stored in the refrigerator for a week without loss of taste and aroma. The variety is suitable for freezing for the winter.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant seedlings at a distance of 50 cm in well-lit areas.
- Florence loves timely and moderate watering.
- To increase the yield, mustache periodically remove (except for uterine plants).
- In regions where the temperature drops below 10 degrees in winter, cover the culture with agrofibre or spruce branches.
Strawberries are not affected by powdery mildew and root rot, but they can infect spotting and gray rot. In the spring, prophylactic treatment with phytosporin is carried out.
Zenga Zengana
The German variety Zenga Zengana was bred in 1954. Berries ripen in mid-June.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are burgundy. The skin is thick.
- The shape is conical.
- The taste is pronounced, sweet.
Productivity is high. From one bush you can collect 1.5 kg of berries.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant a plant in spring (March-April). The optimal distance between the bushes is 30 cm, between the rows of 75-80 cm. Read more about planting strawberries in the spring here.
- Zenga Zengana needs moderate watering. At high temperatures, water once every 5 days, if there is no heat - once every 1-2 weeks. The best way to irrigate is drip.
- In spring, pour urea solution. Before flowering, feed with complex, potash, organic fertilizers.
Straw mite, gray rot and spotting are dangerous for the plant, but verticillosis and powdery mildew are not terrible.
A shelf
Strawberry Shelf (Polka) has been known since the 70s of the last century. Dutch highly productive variety. Beginning of fruiting is the end of June.
Varietal characteristics:
- Berries of ruby color. Average weight 15-20 g.
- The shape is smooth, round.
- The taste is sweet, caramel.
In jams and jams, berries retain their shape. The taste of berries during heat treatment becomes more saturated, aromatic.
Subtleties of care:
- A moisture-loving variety. Irrigate the "Shelf" in the drip way. After watering, loosen the soil.
- In the spring, feed with nitrogen compounds. During berry ripening, apply potash fertilizer.
- For winter, cover the beds with spruce branches or straw.
Powdery mildew does not affect the plant, but there is a danger of infection with gray rot.
The peak yield is the first or second year after planting. In the third year, the berries are smaller, they become smaller.
Roxana
Mid-season Italian variety Roxana is popular with Russian gardeners for its high yield. The ripening period is late June – early July.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are burgundy. Average weight 30-50 g.
- The shape is elongated, conical.
- The taste is dessert, juicy.
The variety retains good taste during the week, and on the beds does not deteriorate until two weeks.
Some gardeners for long-term fruiting (up to 4 times per season) consider strawberries to be remodeling species.
Subtleties of care:
- Aisles should be 50-55 cm, the distance between the bushes - 35-40 cm.
- Plant the plant in loose, fertile soil. Soil acidity should be neutral or low.
- Watering is moderate, drip.
- In regions where winters are cold (temperature drops below 20 degrees), strawberries are covered.
For its presentation and excellent taste, Roksana is used for sale. The plant is resistant to powdery mildew, but vulnerable to fungal diseases.
Strawberry Repairing Varieties
The main difference between the repair varieties is long-term fruiting. Crops from some varieties are harvested from May to September.
In addition, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the information on the cultivation of repair strawberries from seeds.
Queen Elizabeth
Harvest variety from England. The first berries are picked at the end of May, and the last - in the fall, before the onset of the first frost.
Varietal characteristics:
- The fruits are large (35-55 g), bright red.
- The shape is smooth, rounded.
- The taste is sweet, juicy, honey.
The first crop is harvested in late May, the second in July-August, the last in October.
From one bush you can collect up to 1.5 kg of berries. In cool weather, the berries stretch out and become larger.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant in sunny areas 30 cm apart. The distance between the beds is 55-60 cm.
- During fruiting, apply organic fertilizer. Fertilize with nitrogen compounds in spring.
- Water once every 2-3 days. After irrigation, loosen the soil.
"Elizabeth" is resistant to spotting, gray rot, powdery mildew, but vulnerable to insect pests - strawberry and spider mites, weevil.
Geneva
Harvest variety from America. After the first harvest (in early June), the strawberries rest. The second fruiting is in early July. Then, after the formation of the seventh leaf, the plant pleases with berries until frost.
Varietal characteristics:
- Berries of red cherry color.
- The mass of fruits is 40-50 g.
- The shape is semicircular, pointed.
- The taste is juicy, sweet.
By the end of the growing season, the berries are almost 2 times smaller, but this does not affect the taste. “Geneva” is appreciated for its persistent, rich strawberry flavor.
Subtleties of care:
- The most favorable landing dates are May and mid-August - the end of September. "Geneva" grows well in loamy soils and soils with a neutral reaction.
- To increase the second crop, remove spring peduncles.
- Water abundantly, drip.
- Shelter the beds for the winter.
A resistant variety for fungi and viruses, spider mites. Gray rot is dangerous for the plant.
Temptation
Cascade repairing variety from Italy. Harvest from June to the first frost.
Varietal characteristics:
- The berries are glossy, dark red. Average weight 20-30 g.
- The shape is round, sharpened towards the end.
- The taste is sweet, juicy. The scent is nutmeg.
Temptation is a high-yielding culture. From one bush collect up to 1.5 kg of berries. Thanks to the dense texture, the berries are canned, frozen, used in cooking.
Subtleties of care:
- Plant in places with adequate lighting. The variety loves fertile soils.
- Strawberries need watering and top dressing.
- From thickening the bushes, the extra mustache is removed.
- For winter, cut the bushes (not at the root) and cover.
"Temptation" serves as a decoration of the garden. Some gardeners grow potted bushes where they hang beautifully with berries.
Selva
Early remodeling variety from the USA. Fruiting wavy from May to October.
Varietal characteristics:
- Berries are scarlet, glossy, large.
- Large fruit weight from 20 to 70 g.
- The shape is smooth, round.
- The taste is strawberry, sweet-sour.
The taste and aroma of Selva is inferior to other remodeling species, but it has good transportable qualities.
Subtleties of care:
- The first collection is not sweet enough, so the peduncles are removed.
- At the beginning of growth and flowering, on hot and dry days, water strawberries abundantly.
- “Selva” is regularly fed with mineral and organic fertilizers.
This variety is not afraid of powdery mildew, spotting, gray rot. Withstands frosts up to 20 degrees.
In order to grow strawberries in a summer cottage, it is necessary to take into account not only personal preferences, but also climatic conditions. Breeders have bred so many varieties that it is not difficult to choose strawberries even for a harsh climate.