Krasnodar Territory is one of the best regions of our country, it has high rates of mushroom productivity. This is facilitated by the warm climate, the soil enriched with nutrients, as well as the presence of coniferous and deciduous forests throughout the region. Mushrooms of the Krasnodar Territory are of different types.
Mushrooms of the Krasnodar Territory
Suitable for food
The hunting season in the Kuban is long - from the second decade of April to the end of November. Lasts until the very frost. You can find edible mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory not only in the forest, but also in the garden and on farms.
Oyster mushrooms
These mushrooms appear the very first - the mass collection falls on the May season. Oyster mushrooms or, as they are also called, birch bark, elm, grow mainly in woody deciduous plantations of the forest-steppe. They settle in large colonies on the trunk of trees. The fruiting period lasts from spring to autumn.
The cap is round, dense, reaching 15 cm. As it grows, the conical shape transforms into a flat one.
These mushrooms have a different color - gray, reddish or light pink. The pulp has a rich aroma.
Thanks to its unpretentious care and maintenance, the cultivation of oyster mushrooms has become a successful production process. The forest product is widely used in cooking as an addition to meat dishes and vegetables. Mushroom places - the villages of Krepostnaya and Smolenskaya.
Flywheels
The first flyworms are found in early May. The hat is olive or golden in color, its diameter is 12 cm. The surface of the fruiting body is matte with a velvety bloom.
It is not difficult to distinguish it from other species - when broken, the pulp has a light yellow color, which acquires a blue tint in the places of cutting. Mushroom pickers advise to collect mushrooms in the Kuban near the village of Arkhyz, not far from the village of Smolenskaya.
These mushrooms grow in the Krasnodar Territory, mainly in forests with conifers and hornbeams. Flywheels are found on forest paths, grow in groups or singly.
This kind is boiled, fried or pickled. It is not worth drying the mushrooms, because during long-term storage they turn black and become unsuitable for food.
Granular butters
In the forests of the Krasnodar Territory, mushrooms grow called granular boletus. Adult specimens have a spherical cap with a diameter of about 10-11 cm. After ripening, it acquires a reddish or yellow-brown hue.
After wet and rainy weather, the cap becomes covered with a sticky coating, hence their name.
They grow in the village of Smolenskaya, the Kamyshanovaya Polyana reserve and the city of Goryachy Klyuche. Mushrooms are harvested in the Krasnodar Territory during the spring-autumn period - from April to November. They grow in almost all forests.
Prized for its excellent taste and versatility. It is fried, boiled and deliciously salted. The only drawback is excessive worminess.
Boletus gray (hornbeam)
These mushrooms in the forests of the Krasnodar Territory can be recognized by their light green cap. Its diameter is 10 cm. The caps of adult specimens have cracks along the edges, from which a yellow-white flesh can be seen. In places of kinks, it begins to darken.
They grow in the village of Saratovskaya and in the foothills of the Caucasus. Mushroom places are forests where oaks and aspens grow. Summer is a constant mass gathering season that ends in early fall.
Graboviki are of great value in cooking due to their rich taste and smell. They are prepared in different ways.
Violet lacquer
It has two names - purple varnish and amethyst mushroom. It does not differ in the large size of the cap - about 3 cm. It has a standard mushroom aroma and taste. After drying, the fruiting body becomes completely white.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
In young varnish mushrooms, the cap is hemispherical, but then becomes almost flat. The plates are rare, thin, descending along the stem and are colored to match the cap, like the entire fruit body itself. In age mushrooms, they are whitish. Violet lacquer can be confused with the poisonous mycene pure often growing nearby. These types are distinguished by the characteristic smell of a radish and white plates of the hymenophore. Lilac cobweb is also like varnish. But it is larger and has a specific cobweb-like veil that protects the hymenophore. As the fungus grows, the plate of the spider web becomes not whitish, but brown.
Mushroom places - the villages of Kaluzhskaya, Krepostnaya and Kutaisskaya. Silent hunting takes place from early July to late September. They eat only purple lacquer hats.
Mushroom white
Porcini mushrooms are versatile in cooking
Porcini mushrooms from the Krasnodar Territory are in high esteem among mushroom pickers. The fruit body can reach gigantic sizes - up to 25 cm. This species has a massive reddish cap.
You can go to any area of the Kuban and collect a good harvest of porcini mushrooms, as they grow everywhere. They grow in summer and autumn. They prefer forests with pines, oaks and hornbeams.
They are used to prepare various dishes and preparations for the winter. White mushroom is salted, pickled, fried, boiled and dried. Dried porcini mushrooms are of particular value - they do not darken and acquire an unusually strong tasty aroma.
Chanterelles
They cannot be confused with any other species. Chanterelles have a rich egg-yellow color, a funnel-shaped hat, depressed in the middle. Its diameter is about 9 cm. The edges of the cap are wavy and concave towards the bottom.
This species is common in all districts of the Kuban. These edible mushrooms of the Krasnodar Territory grow in areas with mountains. The mushroom card includes almost all areas of the Krasnodar Territory.
The fruiting season of chanterelles in the Krasnodar Territory falls on the summer-autumn period in the forests where oaks and hornbeams grow.
In cooking, they prepare various dishes and snacks. They are salted, pickled and fried. In its raw form, the pulp has an amazing slight sourness in taste, which disappears after cooking.
Honey mushrooms
This is the most popular type of mushroom in the Krasnodar Territory. Honey mushrooms have a hemispherical cap about 8-12 cm in size. In color, they are red or light brown.
The pulp is plump, with a pleasant smell. The leg in young and mature specimens is curved.
They grow in the foothills of the Krasnodar Territory. you can collect them in a forest area, in clearings, tree trunks. The location is the district of Krepost and Smolenskaya stanitsa, the village of Arkhyz and the village of Psebay. Formed in groups or singly. Mass collection starts in summer and ends in winter.
The most valuable among mushroom pickers are autumn mushrooms, which have a good aroma and amazing taste. Real mushrooms are prepared in all possible ways.
Common boletus
Refers to large species - the cap is massive, round, with a diameter of about 20 cm. The surface is matte, the shape is hemispherical. It is brownish-white or brown in color. The fruit body is dense, inside a snow-white color, with a break it acquires a bluish tint.
The collection is carried out in summer and autumn in the vicinity of the villages of Smolenskaya and Kaluzhskaya, in the town of Goryachy Klyuch and Engelmanova Polyana (part of the Caucasian Biosphere Reserve).
Boletus, one of the characteristics of which is recognized as low calorie content, grows near the stumps of birches, oaks, hornbeams. Often this species can be found in the garden near apple, pear or aspen trees.
Boletus mushrooms are fried and boiled, some are salted.
Morel real
Morels are also collected in this area. The species is distinguished by the conical shape of the brownish cap. The surface is loose, cellular, with a diameter of 8-9 cm. The edges smoothly pass into the leg.
They grow in mixed, coniferous and deciduous forests. Harvesting begins in late spring in May and ends in autumn in October.
Morels begin to be harvested in late spring
Fruit bodies have a delicious aroma. They are stewed and fried. In the process of collecting, it is important to be careful, because this species has a conditionally edible twin - a line. For safety reasons, before the main cooking, morels are first boiled and then cooked.
White truffle
White truffles are valuable mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory. Their fruiting bodies have an uneven surface that forms small folds. Outwardly they resemble a potato. The diameter is about 10 cm. The surface is grayish white. Inside, the fruit body is snowless; when cut, a mesh pattern opens. Young fruiting bodies emit a light, barely perceptible aroma, and when ripe, it intensifies.
You can meet white truffles in all types of forests. They also love to grow in birch and aspen groves. The collection takes place in summer and autumn.
Due to its excellent taste and unusual aroma, this species is the most expensive. It is used to prepare a variety of dishes, snacks and delicacies.
Champignon
One of the most popular and widespread species, which grows almost everywhere. The hat is snow-white, hemispherical, about 10 cm in size. The flesh exudes a pleasant mushroom aroma, dense, fleshy.
These mushrooms grow everywhere in the Krasnodar Territory - in parks, squares, gardens, where there is a farm or other household plots. Mass collection starts in July and ends in October.
Fruit bodies are prepared in different ways - fried, boiled, stewed. Champignons go well with any dish. Not suitable for salting and drying.
Poisonous
Every mushroom lover looks forward to the onset of the picking season, but novice mushroom pickers should be careful. In addition to edibles, poisonous species are also found in the forests of the Krasnodar Territory:
- Amanita: this mushroom is difficult to confuse with other species. The bright red hat with white dots immediately catches the eye and repels experienced mushroom pickers. Another feature of this species is a thin and long white leg with a girdle ring.
- Death cap: has a pale gray cap color. Has a domed shape. A translucent ring is located on a thin stem. When eaten, these poisonous mushrooms can cause instant death.
- Satanic Mushroom: the cap is light gray, the edging is brownish. The shape is cushion-shaped. The leg is bright orange in color, thick, fleshy. The pulp is white, in the places of incisions it acquires a blue or burgundy color.
Conditionally edible
Pigs
Previously, they were part of the conditionally edible group, now (after a number of studies) they are classified as poisonous. The pulp contains toxic substances that have a destructive effect on red blood cells. After eating them, the kidneys may stop functioning, against the background of which instant death occurs. The hat is yellow-brown, the leg is thick, covered with a brown bloom. They grow in crowded places in regions where the weather is often damp and humid.
Quiet hunting in the Absheron region. Mushrooms in the Krasnodar Territory
MUSHROOMS OF THE KRASNODAR REGION. WINTER SILENT HUNT
Mushroom season 2019. The mushrooms are gone.
Entoloma garden
You can collect it everywhere, because these mushrooms grow everywhere in the Kuban. They can be found in the forest, in personal plots near fruit plantations and on artificial plantings. Spring (April-May) is a period of abundant fruiting.
The hat is flat, beige or gray-brownish. The diameter reaches 13 cm. The edges of the cap are wavy. The flesh tastes slightly spicy, exudes the aroma of wheat flour.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
When collecting the garden entoloma, it is very important not to confuse it with the poisonous or tin entoloma found on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. This species is characterized by the following features:
- hat: can reach 20 cm in diameter, while in e. garden it is maximum 10-12 cm;
- coloring: light (creamy gray, yellowish, greyish ocher or dirty whitish);
- skin: easily removable from the surface of the cap;
- hymenophore: plates of young specimens are yellowish;
- leg: clavate, thick, to match the cap;
- smell: unpleasant in the pulp, however it can be very weak.
This species is classified as conditionally edible. Before cooking, entholoma is first soaked, then boiled. Spent mushrooms are salted, pickled or dried.
Conclusion
The Krasnodar Territory annually pleases mushroom pickers with an abundant harvest of different types of mushrooms. When collecting them, you should be careful not to confuse edible with inedible. And the above description of mushrooms and their place of growth will help you with this.